无目标之旅学习指南 · 第10讲：五佛部

(Please Note: This is Chapter Nine in the book Journey without Goal.) Body of talk: 52 min. Questions: 18 min. Overall: 71 min. Date: August 5, 1974

（请注意：本讲对应《无目标之旅》第九章。）讲座正文：52 分钟。提问：18 分钟。总时长：71 分钟。日期：1974 年 8 月 5 日

An evocative and detailed talk on the buddha families. The chapter in Journey without Goal contains information that students may want to study as well.

这是一场关于五佛部的讲座，生动而详尽。《无目标之旅》中相应章节所包含的资料，学员或许也会想要研读。

Tantra is not a vague spiritual process. It is very specific and very special and real. We need to be able to identify ourselves with tantra and realize that it’s not the same old thing. It’s unique, magical, outrageous, mind-blowing and extremely simple at the same time.

密续并不是一个模糊的灵性过程。它十分具体、特殊而真实。我们需要能够认同密续，并认识到它不是那套老东西。它独特、神奇、出格、令人震撼，同时又极其简单。

• Tantra is one of the most advanced spiritual principles, which was developed by siddhas of the past. It has been handed down through an ear-whispered, secret language. A tantric culture and a tantric revolution took place in India. We are the descendants of that.

• 密续是最先进的灵性原则之一，由过去的成就者发展而来。它通过耳语秘传的语言传承下来。印度曾出现过一种密续文化，发生过一场密续革命。我们就是它的后裔。

• Any academic institutions devoted to Buddhist thought up to this point (1974) have not touched the pith experience of Vajrayana. The future of Buddhism, not just Tibetan Buddhism, depends on the ability to transmit the experience and realization of Buddha. That’s what we are doing in this class and at Naropa in general.

• 截至目前（1974 年），任何致力于佛教思想的学术机构，都还未触及金刚乘的核心体验。佛教的未来，不仅仅是藏传佛教的未来，取决于能否传授佛陀的体验与证悟。这正是我们在这门课上，以及那洛巴整体上正在做的事。

• In all tantric traditions, there are four principles that always apply:

• 在所有密续传统中，有四项始终适用的原则：

• Not being ignorant by having only a one-pointed reference point.

• 不因只有一个单一的参照点而陷入愚痴。

• Vajrayana always provides numerous skillful means for the students.

• 金刚乘始终为学员提供众多善巧方便。

• By applying all these methods, it is not too difficult to practice, so practicing Vajrayana should be a natural process.

• 运用所有这些方法，修行便不会太困难，因此修习金刚乘应当是一个自然的过程。

• Vajrayana is aimed at people who possess sharpness, in the sense of openness rather than intellectual approach.

• 金刚乘面向具有敏锐性的人，这里指的是开放，而非智识上的途径。

In tantra we relate with the details of everyday life according to our makeup. To relate our lives with tantric experience, we have to understand certain details of tantric experience. The tantric discipline, which allows us to connect our own experience with the principles of Vajrayana, is based on the five buddha family principles. They are called families because they are an extension of ourselves in the way that a family is an extension of a person. At the tantric level, people are divided into the five families and we run across people from each family every day. All of these situations are fertile and workable.

在密续中，我们依自身的禀性，与日常生活的细节建立关系。要将生活与密续体验联系起来，我们必须了解密续体验的某些细节。密续的修持让我们能够将自身体验与金刚乘的原则联系起来，而它以五佛部的原则为基础。之所以称为“部族”，是因为它们是我们自身的延伸，就像一个家族是一个人的延伸。在密续层面，人分为五部，我们每天都会遇到各部的人。所有这些情境都富有生机，都可以着手应对。

• Vajra family is the family of sharpness, crystallization and indestructibility. The symbol of vajra is the vajra scepter, which has five prongs, which cut through any neurotic emotional tendencies. Vajra is so sharp that it is like holding a heap of razor blades in our hands. It is sharp, cutting, biting-cold winter. All of the intellectual disciplines are part of the vajra family. Vajra family has a sense of openness and perspective. The confused or neurotic expression of vajra is associated with anger and intellectualization, being uptight because we are so attached to our sharpness of mind. Its element is water.

• 金刚部是敏锐、结晶和不可摧毁之部。金刚部的象征是金刚杵，杵有五股，能斩断任何神经质的情绪倾向。金刚如此锋利，就像我们手里捧着一堆剃刀片。它是尖锐、凛冽、寒冷刺骨的冬天。所有智识领域的学问都属于金刚部。金刚部具有开放感和视野。金刚部迷惑或神经质的表现与愤怒和理智化有关；由于过分执著于心智的敏锐，我们变得紧绷。它的元素是水。

• Ratna family is symbolized by a jewel. It represents richness and extending constantly, expanding like a flood or an earthquake. The confused expression is expanding heedlessly and indulging in our world. It is like swimming in a mixture of butter and honey, which is very hard to remove from our skin. Its element is earth.

• 宝部以宝珠为象征。它代表富足和不断延伸，像洪水或地震一样扩张。其迷惑的表现是肆意扩张，沉溺于自己的世界。这就像在黄油和蜂蜜的混合物中游泳，它们很难从皮肤上清除。它的元素是地。

• Padma family literally means “lotus flower” and is represented by the lotus, which blossoms in the mud. It is connected with discrimination at a very refined level and is involved in desire and seduction. In the confused state, there is no discrimination about what is magnetized or drawn in. When padma neurosis is transmuted, it becomes precise and aware. The quality of seduction is real openness and being willing to share what we have and what we are. Its element is fire.

• 莲花部的字面意思是“莲花”，以在淤泥中绽放的莲花为代表。它与极为精细的辨别力相连，并涉及欲望与诱惑。在迷惑的状态中，对于吸引或招引来的东西，它没有辨别力。当莲花部的神经质转化后，它就变得精确而有觉知。诱惑的特质成为真正的开放，以及愿意分享我们所拥有的和我们自身。它的元素是火。

• Karma family is symbolized by a sword. Karma literally means action, and here has nothing to do with karmic debts or cause and effect. It is the energy of efficiency and fulfilling actions effortlessly and directly. The neurotic expression is being irritated by sloppiness or inefficiency in the world. The epitome of karma family neurosis is wanting to create a uniform world, without concern for anything more profound. Transmuted, it is action fulfilling its purpose. Its element is wind.

• 羯磨部以宝剑为象征。羯磨的字面意思是行动，在这里与业债或因果无关。它是效率的能量，能够毫不费力、直接地完成行动。其神经质的表现，是对世间的马虎或低效率感到恼火。羯磨部神经质的典型表现，是想要创造一个整齐划一的世界，却不关心任何更深刻的东西。转化之后，它就是达成自身目的的行动。它的元素是风。

• Buddha family is associated with the element of space. Buddha energy is the foundation, or basic space. Neurotically, it is spaced out and indulging in ignorance and sloth. We couldn’t care less. When it’s transmuted, it is spaciousness, accommodation and a quality of completely open potential.

• 佛部与空这一元素相连。佛部的能量是基础，或基本空间。其神经质的表现，是心不在焉，沉溺于愚痴和懒惰。我们什么都不在乎。转化之后，它便是宽广、容纳，以及一种潜能完全开放的特质。

Without the five buddha families we have no working basis for relating to tantra. Vajrayana is so outrageous, and it can seem like purely a distant goal. The five buddha families provide the means to work with ourselves and our world. They bridge the gap between mystical experience and everyday life.

没有五佛部，我们就没有与密续建立关系的实际基础。金刚乘如此出格，可能看起来纯粹是一个遥远的目标。五佛部提供了与我们自身及世界打交道的途径。它们弥合了神秘体验与日常生活之间的鸿沟。

1) What are the Maitri Space Awareness postures and how did you develop them?

1) Maitri 空间觉知的姿势是什么，您又是如何发展出这些姿势的？

2) What is an “exit family”?

2) 什么是“出口”部？

3) How do you become a certain buddha family?

3) 一个人如何成为某一佛部？

4) Could you say more about the four principles you described at the beginning?

4) 您能否多谈谈开头描述的那四项原则？

5) In a mandala, where are each of the buddha families? What is their colour?

5) 在曼荼罗中，各佛部位于何处？它们各是什么颜色？

6) Does a vajra master have a dominant buddha family?

6) 金刚上师是否有一个占主导的佛部？

7) If the buddha family is in the center of the mandala, does this imply it’s more fundamental?

7) 如果佛部位于曼荼罗中央，这是否意味着它更为根本？