无目标之旅学习指南 · 第12讲：神通的问题

(Please Note: This is Chapter Twelve in the book Journey without Goal.) Body of talk: 43 min. Questions: 21 min. Overall: 65 min. Date: August 9, 1974

（请注意：本讲对应《无目标之旅》第十二章。）讲座正文：43 分钟。提问：21 分钟。总时长：65 分钟。日期：1974 年 8 月 9 日

An astounding talk about the nature of siddhi and the four yogas of Mahamudra, which are described as four levels of magic in the Vajrayana.

这是一场令人惊叹的讲座，谈论成就的本性，以及被描述为金刚乘中四个神通层次的大手印四瑜伽。

The Sanskrit word for magic is siddhi, which means actualizing or working with the energy that exists in the realm of experience and of physical being.

神通的梵语说法是 siddhi，意为让存在于体验领域和肉身存在领域中的能量实际发挥出来，或加以运用。

• This is in contrast to Western notions of magic that are associated with mysteriousness and acquiring impossible powers. Reading comic books is subconscious feedback from our childhood that magic is something extraordinary.

• 这与西方的魔法观念形成对照，后者与神秘莫测和获得不可能的能力相联系。童年阅读漫画书的经历，在潜意识中向我们反馈：魔法是某种非同寻常的东西。

• One of the problems with this view is that it causes us to view the universe as a nuisance that we must overcome. Another problem is misunderstanding the role of ego and thinking that magic is about ego achieving enormous power.

• 这种观点的一个问题，是让我们把宇宙视为必须克服的麻烦。另一个问题，是误解自我的作用，以为魔法就是自我获得巨大的力量。

• In genuine mystical traditions, whether from the Christian, Jewish, or Buddhist traditions, mysteriousness has nothing to do with real magic.

• 在真正的神秘传统中，无论是基督教、犹太教还是佛教传统，神秘莫测都与真正的神通无关。

• To overcome these mistaken views, we need to start at the beginning and give up the idea of sudden enlightenment. We need to progress slowly and deliberately along the path. Then we discover that there is a genuine, magical aspect of the world. The greatest magic of all is to be able to control and work with our ego and with our mind.

• 要克服这些错误的观点，我们需要从头开始，放弃突然觉悟的想法。我们需要沿着道路缓慢而审慎地前进。然后，我们会发现，世界确实有神奇的一面。最大的神通，是能够控制自己的自我和心，并与之相处。

• As far as tantra is concerned, magic is working with the real world on a completely ordinary level. Magic is completely relevant to our world, our life and our path.

• 就密续而言，神通是在完全平常的层面与现实世界打交道。神通与我们的世界、生活和道路完全相关。

To discover magic, we have to go beyond the normal boundaries we establish for ourselves. We have to step over the threshold of samsara, beyond what seems reasonable. We have to give up our heart and brain. Beyond that, we discover the four levels of magic.

要发现神通，我们必须超越为自己设立的通常界限。我们必须跨过轮回的门槛，超越那些看似合理的东西。我们必须舍弃自己的心和脑。超越这一点后，我们便发现神通的四个层次。

• The Tibetan Book of the Dead describes the brilliance we encounter in the bardo, which seems too bright, and we shy away from it. If we do this, then a soft, gentle light appears and when we go towards it, we find ourselves back in samsara.

• 《西藏度亡经》描述了我们在中阴所遇到的光辉，它显得太过明亮，我们会畏缩躲避。如果我们这样做，就会出现一道柔和温润的光；当我们走向它时，就发现自己又回到了轮回中。

• We have to step beyond the boundaries, which sometimes feels as though we are going beyond basic sanity. We feel that we have given up so much, but there is more to give. We have no idea how to give our heart and brain, but we can do so and when we do, the real magic begins.

• 我们必须跨越界限，有时这感觉就像超出了基本的清明健全。我们觉得自己已经放弃了这么多，却还有更多要舍弃。我们不知道该如何献出自己的心和脑，但我们能够这么做；当我们这么做时，真正的神通便开始了。

• The first level of magic is one-pointedness. This is not like the one-pointedness of Hinayana meditation practice. That is like using a very sharp needle to sew our cloth together. One-pointedness at this level is like using a very dull, blunt stone needle that crushes the obstacles, very directly. Emotions are dealt with very directly, in their own place. There is no politeness.

• 神通的第一个层次是专一。这不同于小乘禅修中的专一。后者就像用一根非常尖锐的针将布料缝合起来。而这一层次的专一，则像用一根很钝、并不锋利的石针，非常直接地碾碎障碍。情绪就在其所在之处，受到极为直接的处理。没有客套。

• The second level is simplicity or noncomplication. We no longer have to exaggerate ourselves or use any form of spiritual materialism to build ourselves up. This kind of simplicity is not romantic or simplistic. It is quite direct. It is self-existence: fire burns by its own simplicity but still has its own energy. A rock is magic because it just sits there without getting bored.

• 第二个层次是离戏，或不复杂化。我们不再需要夸大自己，或运用任何形式的精神唯物主义来抬高自己。这种离戏既不浪漫，也不是简单化。它相当直接。它就是本自存在：火以自身的简单而燃烧，却仍有自身的能量。石头是神奇的，因为它就坐在那里，不会厌倦。

• The third level of magic is one taste. Because of self-existing simplicity, things do not need any reference point. One taste is a one-shot deal. When students say that they feel pain and frustration for no apparent reason, there is some magic in that. They feel the nowness of the pain—or of the pleasure—as it is, personally and directly.

• 神通的第三个层次是一味。由于本自存在的离戏，事物不需要任何参照点。一味就是当下这一次。当学员说，自己在没有明显理由的情况下感到痛苦和挫折时，其中就有某种神通。他们亲身而直接地，如实感受到痛苦——或快乐——的当下性。

• The fourth level of magic is nonmeditation. Here, meditation is contemplating an object or visualizing something and identifying with it. Nonmeditation means not meditating on anything. It is beyond the reference point of subject and object, providing a contrast to our normal sense of wanting so much. Magic here is an expression of nongrasping and nonaggression. It is also an expression of total energy and power.

• 神通的第四个层次是无修。在这里，禅修是观照一个对象，或观想某个东西并与之认同。无修意味着不对任何东西作禅修。它超越主客体的参照点，与我们平常那种想要那么多的感觉形成对照。这里的神通，是不执取、不攻击的表达。它也是全然能量与力量的表达。

We might wonder what is so magical about this. But we haven’t experienced these four levels of magic personally and we have no idea how powerful they are. The great Indian pandit Naropa said that practicing tantra is like trying to ride a burning razor. Maybe he was right.

我们或许会疑惑，这有什么神奇的。但我们尚未亲身体验这四个神通层次，不知道它们有多大的力量。印度伟大的班智达那洛巴说，修习密续就像试图骑在一把燃烧的剃刀上。也许他说得对。

The questions are an essential part of this talk and they contain the punchline of the whole discussion.

提问是本讲不可或缺的一部分，包含了整场讨论的点睛之语。

1) In the biographies of the mahasiddhas, all kinds of magic happens, such as stopping the sun. What does this mean in light of our discussion here?

1) 在大成就者的传记中，会发生各种神通，例如让太阳停止运行。结合我们在这里的讨论，这意味着什么？

2) You talked about approaching the threshold that you have to step over. Where does the inspiration come from to step over this threshold?

2) 您谈到走近那道必须跨过的门槛。跨过这道门槛的动力来自哪里？

3) Can you enter into these threshold situations volitionally?

3) 一个人能够有意识地进入这些门槛情境吗？

4) Would the moment of breaking through the threshold be a moment of inquiry or of humility?

4) 突破门槛的那一刻，会是探问的一刻，还是谦卑的一刻？

5) Would you share an example of how you have used magic to change your karma?

5) 您能否分享一个您运用神通改变自己业力的例子？

6) A lot of energy goes into constantly wanting, as you mentioned. What happens to the energy in the state of nonmeditation?

6) 正如您提到的，大量能量被投入不断的欲求之中。在无修状态中，这些能量会怎样？

7) If nonmeditation is magic, what is meditation in relationship to that?

7) 如果无修是神通，那么相对于它，禅修是什么？